Greek Mythology Research Articles

BEYOND THE NEUROLOGIST: CHARLES FOIX AS A POET AND A PLAYWRIGHT.

Charles Foix (1882-1927) may be mostly remembered today due to his contributions to vascular neurology and the syndromes that bear his name, such as the Foix-Alajouanine syndrome. However, he also developed a literary career and composed poetry and a vast collection of plays, often dealing with biblical themes or figures from Greek mythology. His poetry was often inspired by his own experiences during the First World War, in which he was assigned to serve as medical officer in Greece, becoming enamored with his surroundings and the classical lore. The authors explore Foix's poetry and drama and their relationship to his overall work as a neurologist, including his wartime experiences.

<i>Cavaleiros do Zodíaco</i>

It is an excerpt from a doctoral research that focuses on the manga Knights of the Zodiac (1985-1990), created by Masami Kurumada. Originally titled Saint Seiya, this Japanese comic book integrates Greek mythology as a structuring element of its narrative. The Greek mythology within the work is intersected by the combination of other themes - religion, astronomy, and astrology. Based on this amalgamation, Kurumada formulated a fundamental concept for the story: the cosmos, also known as the seventh sense. This is a complex and original idea that imparts a mystical and spiritual atmosphere to the manga. With that in mind, the objective of this article is to briefly explore the nature of the cosmos, conducting a theopoetic analysis of the work based on this concept. Therefore, the theoretical framework that underpins the study is primarily grounded in theopoetics (Kuschel, 1999; Ferraz, 2011; Bingemer; Villas Boas, 2020), which proposes comparative studies, initially between religion and literature, soon incorporating other artistic expressions - including comic books - into its research interests.

Exploring the role of parthanatos in CNS injury: Molecular insights and therapeutic approaches.

Central nervous system (CNS) injury causes severe organ damage due to both damage resulting from the injury and subsequent cell death. However, there are currently no effective treatments for countering the irreversible loss of cell function. Parthanatos is a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1)-dependent form of programmed cell death that is partly responsible for neural cell death. Consequently, the mechanism by which parthanatos promotes CNS injury has attracted significant scientific interest. Our review aims to summarize the potential role of parthanatos in CNS injury and its molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms. Understanding the role of parthanatos and related molecules in CNS injury is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies and identifying important directions for future in-depth research. Parthanatos (from Thanatos, the personification of death according to Greek mythology) is a type of programmed cell death that is initiated by the overactivation of PARP-1. This process triggers a cascade of reactions, including the accumulation of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), the nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) after its release from mitochondria, and subsequent massive DNA fragmentation caused by migration inhibitory factor (MIF) forming a complex with AIF. Secondary molecular mechanisms, such as excitotoxicity and oxidative stress-induced overactivation of PARP-1, significantly exacerbate neuronal damage following initial mechanical injury to the CNS. Furthermore, parthanatos is not only associated with neuronal damage but also interacts with various other types of cell death. This review focuses on the latest research concerning the parthanatos cell death pathway, particularly considering its regulatory mechanisms and functions in CNS damage. We highlight the associations between parthanatos and different cell types involved in CNS damage and discuss potential therapeutic agents targeting the parthanatos pathway.

An Island of One’s Own: Home and Self-Fulfilment in Madeline Miller’s Circe

Circe is renowned for her profound knowledge of sorcery as a minor goddess in Greek mythology. Her depictions and representations are numerous in literature, painting, music, and popular culture, ranging from Homer’s classical masterpiece The Odyssey to John William Waterhouse’s painting Circe Invidiosa (1892). Recently, Circe has been recreated with a modern kick by the contemporary American novelist Madeline Miller. In Miller’s novel Circe (2018), Circe voices her own story as the first-person heroine. The novel focuses on the spiritual growth and self-fulfilment of the protagonist. Reimagined by Miller in her family home in the early chapters, Circe is the innocent yet neglected child, always strange, pushed away, looked down upon, and alienated by her parents, siblings, and relatives. Miller first portrays Circe in her father’s halls where she is made to believe that she is a failure, she is incomplete, lacking, and neither a nymph nor a goddess. However, as her powers as a witch begin to unravel, some of her practices draw the attention of the patriarchs in her life, and she is exiled by these men to an island named “Aiaia.” How a woman can turn a punishment given by men into an advantage is shown in the novel. Marginalised and exiled to a deserted island with a house, forests, herbs, plants, and animals, Miller’s Circe practices her witchcraft, discovers life, and manifests her true self. In this respect, this article focuses on how Circe’s island, which she turns into her “home,” empowers Circe as a woman.

The Differences Between Wars in Ancient China and Ancient Greece--The Analysis Based on The Book of Songs and Ancient Greek Mythology

This paper aims to analyze the different views of war in ancient China and ancient Greece, based on The Book of Songs and Ancient Greek Mythology. The comparisons are divided into three parts: the distinction of background, views in The Book of Songs, and attitudes towards war in Ancient Greek Mythology, and finally conclusion will be drawn. In the first part, the geography factors will be given, and then the analyses of lifestyles, personalities and beliefs that are influenced or shaped by the natural environment follow, also including the comparisons. The second part is on the views of war in The Book of Songs where four typical examples are given which represent four genres that indicate four different attitudes towards war in ancient China, also with analyses. Part three is based on Ancient Greek Mythology, the Trojan War especially, which fully exemplifies the western view of war. The analyses of the culture of offensive war and individual heroism follow. Finally, in the last part, some suggestions for nowadays diplomacy will be given based on the analyses and comparisons above. Also, the culture of defensive war and patriotism, as the two most distinct and significant beliefs, are worth highlighting separately, for they still deeply affect nowadays Chinese.

Stereotyping the Feminine in Greek Mythology: The Embodiment of Womens Social Roles in Canonical Narrative

Stereotyping the Feminine in Greek Mythology: The Embodiment of Womens Social Roles in Canonical Narrative

The Embodiment and Interpretation of Greek Mythology in The Renaissance: Analyzing Perseus with The Head of Medusa

Greek mythology had a significant influence on the arts and literature in the Renaissance. From the epic poems of Iliad and Odyssey and the ancient Theogony, to the well-known plays of Greek tragedy and modern adaptations of the gods and heroes in both literature and screens, Greek mythology is foreign to no one. This dissertation aims to discuss the embodiment and the inventive interpretation of Greek mythology in a piece of Renaissance artwork Perseus with the head of Medusa. It looks into the original story from Hesiod’s Theogony and Ovid’s Metamorphoses and analyzes the symbolic influence of classical traditions. Expanding the contextual perspectives puts the artwork on a wider stage of the society of the time and examines the semiotics within this sculpture that show the unique Renaissance interpretation. The Renaissance concept about secularism, rationalism, and individualism is also explained through the iconography analysis and the comparison with the ancient artwork. With the help of useful references, this dissertation incorporates aspects like art, mythology, literature, politics, social psychology, and ideology to offer some knowledge of the sculpture by Cellini as well as the Renaissance world.

The Interplay among Mythology, Culture, and the English Language

Mythology refers to traditional stories often involving gods and heroes. Many of these tales have been widely popularized, and in turn, have been found to be of high significance in investigating the evolution of the English language and culture. As mythologies are often passed down through cultures, these tales heavily influence modern traditions and beliefs. They also play an important role in the evolution and development of certain languages. This paper discusses the relationship between mythology, language, and culture through the help of a comparative analysis of mythologies, vocabularies, literary works, and traditions regarding death. The analysis reveals that many English words and phrases originate from Greek and Roman mythology, and that an individual's belief is closely connected to the mythology of the culture they grew up in. This, in turn, proves that mythology cannot be ignored when investigating language and culture, and that an understanding of mythological tales will allow individuals to better appreciate both literature and cultural traditions.

The Reflection of Myth in Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson Series and Amish Tripathi’s Shiva Trilogy

Mythology is considered as a pillar of literature. In recent years it has regained its former glory of playing a pivotal role in the field of literature. Mythology and fiction have worked hand-in-hand to create some of the master pieces that of the past. Two such mythological works of the contemporary era are focused to correlate the world of reality and mythology and also to discover the reflection of myth in literature. Mythological works like Odyssey is recounted more as a historical fiction rather than fiction alone. In recent times, a series of novels focusing on the Greek mythology has been published and has achieved great appreciation from audience of all ages; Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson series portrays the life of a teenage boy who is a half-blood, half-god and half-human. Percy Jackson is a normal boy who spends his day being bullied and alone but soon he discovers that he is the son of an ancient god from the Greek myth, this is the plot of the first book from the series of novel and from there the story goes on to elaborate on the protagonist’s various endeavors interconnecting both the mythical world and the world as one see. Rick Riordan, an American author is best known for his work, the Percy Jackson series. The author has also taken the effort to portray the Greek Gods in a more sophisticated manner which blurs the line between them being gods or humans. The paper focuses on the inter-relation of the mythical world and the reality from the perspective of the Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson series and Amish Tripathi’s, The Shiva trilogy. Amish Tripathi is an upcoming prolific writer who has gained recognition for his debut novel. God Shiva of the Hindu mythology and unlike the actual myth the whole of novel is from a new and thought-provoking perspective of the writer. The main aim of the paper is to stress on the idea of how the contemporary authors utilize the age-old myth to weave a story that inter-mingles with myth and modern world.

The Failure of Poseidon, ‘Averter of Disaster’ and the Mythical Geography of Isaiah 23:1–14

AbstractThe nostos, the return home in Greek mythology, is most often a journey over the sea, and it is the god Poseidon who rules the sea, both ensuring the safe passage of fishermen and sailors and causing disasters to individuals like Ajax son of Oileus, sometimes through obstacles like his daughter Charybdis. Most famously, he uses his power to hinder the nostos of Odysseus, all the while knowing he cannot prevent him from reaching home. This example illustrates how a god who may once have been the most powerful deity can no longer control ultimate results. As his power declines over the centuries, that of Zeus increases.It is also by sea that we see the ships in Isaiah 23, attempting to return to their homes in Sidon and Tyre on the eastern Mediterranean coast. In this Biblical passage from the eighth century BCE, the ships wail when they see that their seaport homes have been destroyed; there are no homes to which they can return. The great god of the Sea and the epichoric gods have failed to protect the cities which are considered their progeny. The Israelite prophet mocks their powerlessness and celebrates the power of his One God. There is no nostos, no homecoming for ships because they no longer have homes. Just as Poseidon could not prevent Odysseus from his nostos, the so-called Averter of Disaster has not prevented the disaster that has befallen his children.

GREEK MYTHOLOGY IN THE PERCY JACKSON SERIES BY RICK RIORDAN

This article examines the depiction of characters in the Percy Jackson series by Rick Riordan, with a focus on both gender and Greek mythology. The analyses aim to find out how Riordan portrays his characters regarding gender stereotypes, and how he has adapted Greek mythological figures to fit into a narrative in the 21st century. It has been identified how The Percy Jackson books take place in a world where Greek mythology is real. By using gender theory and discussing women’s role in Ancient Greek society, the analyses and discussion can provide a broader view of the representation shown in Riordan’s books.

The Evolution of Female Characters From Antiquity to Modernity: An Examination of Marinna Carr's and Carol Lashof's Adaptations of Classical Mythology

Literature relies heavily on mythology. Myths are stories of deities, monsters or immortals which are transformed from one generation to the other. In addition to documenting the religious and cultural experiences of a specific community, myths also outline the consequent literary, artistic and dramatic customs. Some Greek myths have survived for thousands of years because they accurately depict historical events, cultural values, and trends. Among the most famous classical myths are the myths of Medusa and Medea. As for the myth of Medusa, the earliest known record was found in Theogony (700BC) by Hesiod (8 th-7th century BC). A later version of the Medusa myth was made by the Roman poet Ovid (43BC –17/18AD), in his “Metamorphoses” (3-8 AD). Then again, Medea is a tragedy produced in 431 BC by the Greek playwright Euripides(480–406BC) based on the myth of Jason and Medea. Both Medusa and Medea are among the most fascinating and complex female protagonists in Greek mythology which have captivated many writers and playwrights for ages. In the twentieth century, there were many adaptations of both mythological figures; among these adaptations were those made by contemporary American and Irish women playwrights like Carol Lashof (1956-) and Marinna Carr (1964-). This paper examines the myths of Medusa and Medea and analyses the ways these myths are borrowed, refashioned and exploited in Lashof’s Medusa’s Tale (1991) and Carr’s By the Bog of Cats (1998). Both playwrights explore hidden dimensions of the traditional myths, combining elements from the old and modern worlds.

Asclepieia in ancient Greece: pilgrimage and healing destinations, the forerunner of medical tourism.

Asclepios, the first physician-demigod in Greek mythology, was born in Thessaly of the God Apollo and Coronis, a mortal mother. Asclepieia were healing sanctuaries dedicated to Asclepios. Asclepieia were located throughout the Eastern Mediterranean area, in ancient Greece and the Roman world. Travelers from all over the Mediterranean area seeking healing made pilgrimages to the Asclepieia, the early forerunner of "medical tourism".

한국 신화에 나타난 죽음 사건과 그 의미

In Greek mythology, the human world and the afterlife are strictly separated. On the other hand, in Korean mythology, gods appear between this world and the afterlife. Representative entities include Bari from 〈Princess Bari〉 and Ganglim from 〈Chasabonpuri〉. Previous studies mainly looked at the mythological meanings and perspectives on the underworld/death shown in these people’s underworld adventures and travels.
 On the other hand, this study attempted to examine the view of death in Korean mythology through the occurrence of various death incidents in mythological texts and the relationship between death incidents, that is, the intersection of human death and divine death that seeks to resolve it. Human death in the mythical world is God’s punishment for humans and a gateway to growth. On the other hand, divine death is a way to examine the cause of human death and solve death as a problem, and is an opportunity for ontological change to become a god.
 Specifically, the shamanic myths 〈Chasabonpuri〉 and 〈Princess Bari〉 give the concept of ‘justice’ to the continuity of life and death or the principle by which the events of life and death are composed. During human life, one must act righteously based on the standards of right and wrong, and if one is greedy, he or she will be punished by death.
 In this process, we can see that life and death are causal and cyclical, and are linked to concerns about how humans should live. The aspects of death that appear in the shamanic myths 〈Princess Bari〉 and 〈Chasabonpuri〉, such as violent death, punitive death, and instrumental death, are a world of shamanic mythology that unravels the origin of justice through the occurrence of various death incidents and their relationships. It tells you that you are paying.

Comparison of Cultural Value Orientations in Images of Nyuwa and Athena

Born in the fertile imagination of primitive people, mythologies are the epitome of different cultures and societies, implying value orientations and national spirit of each nation. Even after thousands of years, these old stories still have a profound influence on later generations. Therefore, this article selects Nyuwa and Athena, two of the most classic female characters in myth, to discover cultural value orientations in Chinese and Greek mythologies. Through this study, value orientations differences between East and West are embodied in human nature, relationship to natural world, and social relations.

The Siren Song of Synergy.

In ancient Greek mythology, sirens were creatures of stunning beauty whose mystical songs led sailors to sail their boats onto hidden rocks and into total destruction. In this issue, Mason-Osann and colleagues present data in the context of acute myelogenous leukemia to suggest that while synergy may show initial attractions in drug combinations, it may carry with it hazards previously unforeseen. See related article by Mason-Osann et al., p. 95 (1).

REDISCOVERING THE MAGIC: A JOURNEY THROUGH RICK RIORDAN'S PERCY JACKSON AND THE OLYMPIAN’S SERIES

A Journey through Rick Riordan's Percy Jackson and the Olympians Series" explores the enchanting world of Rick Riordan's acclaimed book series. Spanning five books, the series takes readers on a thrilling adventure through Greek mythology, following the heroic exploits of Percy Jackson and his friends. This article delves into the captivating characters, rich mythology, engaging storytelling, and lasting impact that the series has had on young readers. From the birth of a hero to the power of friendship and empowering representation, Riordan's series has left an indelible mark on literature and popular culture. This abstract provides a glimpse into the article's exploration of theenduring power of the Percy Jackson series and its ability to ignite a passion for reading, inspire curiosity about mythology, and foster a sense of inclusivity among its diverse readership.In this article, we will delve into the enchanting world of Percy Jackson, exploring the series' captivating characters, rich mythology, engaging storytelling, and lasting impact on young readers.

Poseidon and Caeneus: a case of pubertal gender inversion in Greek mythology.

Disorders of sex development (DSDs) are very frequently encountered in ancient Greek mythology. One of the most striking types of DSD described in many myths is gender transformation wherein a female becomes a male or vice versa. Herein, we present via the marvelous myth of Poseidon and Caeneus a case of pubertal gender inversion. A medical interpretation of the myth whereby we attempt to form a diagnosis of this case of DSD is also presented.

The Greek Gods and the Metaverse: Legal Order in the Layered Universe

The article explores how human relations in relationship with „the metaverse” – a novel term used to describe an alternative reality enabled by nascent immersive technologies like virtual reality and augmented reality, in combination with blockchain and artificial intelligence ‑ can be understood conceptually by drawing parallels to systems of thought based on a multi‑layered universe. Greek mythology offers insightful examples of interactions between the different layers of the ancient Greek universe. One can easier understand how to design the rules for the responsibility of humans interacting with each other in different layers of the universe (as physical beings in the natural reality and as avatars the virtual reality of the metaverse), as well as the interaction with their created purely artificial beings (artificial intelligence ‑non playable characters in the metaverse), when looking at the way in which the Greek mythology has designed such situations. The epic interactions between Greek gods in Olympus, men on Earth, and souls in the underworld, illustrate lessons around fundamental concepts questioned by the nascence of the metaverse, such as personal identity, free will, and laws in a multi‑layered universe. Also, one can look at the model of the layered universe, with moral rules incorporated by Gods in the fabric of the humans as part of the reality of Earth, and perhaps learn as to how one could design ethical behavioural rules in the fabric of the metaverse, too. Using the analogy with Greek mythology, the article explores the fundamental dilemmas humans have now, in terms of addressing the issue of responsibility and representation in the newly create metaverse, seen as a new layer of the universe.

Just in Time: Calling, Responding, and Making Music from the Soul

ABSTRACT Although Kairos in Greek mythology is often depicted as the winged son of Zeus who grants to those who lay hold of his single lock of hair their once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, in traditional African American culture, particularly when it comes to speech, Kairos is essentially family. Given how much African American speakers depend on seizing the moment to invoke spiritual connections, emit laughter, and profess the truth, Kairos, or what we might call CPT (“Colored People’s Time”), can be summoned almost at will. One of the African American discourses this article will use to illustrate this point is Call and Response, a verbal exchange in which speakers and listeners attune to one another and to the timeliness of an event. Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech was such an event, but it wouldn’t have been so were it not for the timely responding of his favorite gospel singer, Mahalia Jackson.